Sexually transmitted human papillomavirus (HPV) infections contribute to approximately 20,000 cases of invasive cancer in the United States each year; about 50% are cervical cancers, and the rest involve the vagina, vulva, penis, anus, or oral cavity or oropharynx.
1 Less than 25% of HPV-related cancers occur in men. However, some subgroups, such as men who have sex with men, have markedly higher rates of HPV-related diseases such as anal cancer. Oncogenic types of HPV cause nearly all cases of cervical cancer, 90% of cases of anal cancer, and a smaller proportion of the remaining cancers. The majority of these cancers are attributable to two types, HPV-16 and 18. Nononcogenic types, HPV-6 and 11, cause approximately 340,000 cases of genital warts in the United States each year.
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